What Is Causing Knee Osteoarthritis?

Wear and tear is usually blamed for developing knee osteoarthritis, but research tells a different story.

Inflammation turns out to be a big factor causing joint damage in osteoarthritis.

Research shows that inflammation of the synovium( the lubricating fluid of the joint) is present, synovitis is the medical term for it (Atukorala I, et al. 2016).

Several studies document that the different inflammatory chemicals present in the inflamed synovial fluid are what is causing the damage to the cartilage in osteoarthritis (de Lange-Brokaar BJ, et al. 2016, Song YZ, et al. 2016, Bellucci F, et al. 2013).

When we know that, it makes sense to implement strategies that will reduce inflammation.

Anti-inflammatory drugs are not the solution because they don’t correct the reason for inflammation, and they cause serious side effects. Gastritis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract) can be one result.

This will alter the bacterial flora in the GI tract and cause increased permeability triggering more inflammation, not the result you want long term.

Research has shown that increased intestinal permeability in patients with osteoarthritis were due to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (Bjarnarson I, et al. 1984).

This study showed diet to be an effective measure to reduce inflammation in obese patients with osteoarthritis (Messier SP, et al. 2013).

Another way to easily reduce inflammation is to take an effective form of curcumin that has been shown to be better absorbed (Kuptniratsaikul V. et al. 2009).

References:

Atukorala I¹, Kwoh CK², Guermazi A³, Roemer FW⁴, Boudreau RM⁵, Hannon MJ⁵, Hunter DJ⁶. Synovitis in knee osteoarthritis: a precursor of disease? Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Feb;75(2):390-5. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-205894. Epub 2014 Dec 8.

Bellucci F¹, Meini S, Cucchi P, Catalani C, Nizzardo A, Riva A, Guidelli GM, Ferrata P, Fioravanti A, Maggi CA. Synovial fluid levels of bradykinin correlate with biochemical markers for cartilage degradation and inflammation in knee osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2013 Nov;21(11):1774-80. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2013.08.014. Epub 2013 Aug 11.

Bjarnason I, Williams P, So A, Zanelli GD, Levi AJ, Gumpel JM, Peters TJ, Ansell B. Intestinal permeability and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis: effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet. 1984 Nov 24;2(8413):1171-4.

de Lange-Brokaar BJ¹, Kloppenburg M², Andersen SN³, Dorjée AL⁴, Yusuf E⁵, Herb-van Toorn L⁶, Kroon HM⁷, Zuurmond AM⁸, Stojanovic-Susulic V⁹, Bloem JL¹⁰, Nelissen RG¹¹, Toes RE¹², Ioan-Facsinay A¹³. Characterization of synovial mast cells in knee osteoarthritis: association with clinical parameters. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2016 Apr;24(4):664-71. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.11.011. Epub 2015 Dec 6.

Kuptniratsaikul V¹, Thanakhumtorn S, Chinswangwatanakul P, Wattanamongkonsil L, Thamlikitkul V. Efficacy and safety of Curcuma domestica extracts in patients with knee osteoarthritis. J Altern Complement Med. 2009 Aug;15(8):891-7. doi: 10.1089/acm.2008.0186.

Messier SP¹, Mihalko SL, Legault C, Miller GD, Nicklas BJ, DeVita P, Beavers DP, Hunter DJ, Lyles MF, Eckstein F, Williamson JD, Carr JJ, Guermazi A, Loeser RF. Effects of intensive diet and exercise on knee joint loads, inflammation, and clinical outcomes among overweight and obese adults with knee osteoarthritis: the IDEA randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2013 Sep 25;310(12):1263-73. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.277669.

J Clin Lab Anal. 2016 Sep;30(5):437-43. doi: 10.1002/jcla.21876. Epub 2015 Oct 23. Possible Involvement of Serum and Synovial Fluid Resistin in Knee Osteoarthritis: Cartilage Damage, Clinical, and Radiological Links. Song YZ¹, Guan J², Wang HJ³, Ma W¹, Li F², Xu F⁴, Ding LB², Xie L², Liu B², Liu K⁵, Lv Z⁶.

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